Bên cạnh PHÂN TÍCH ĐỀ THI THẬT TASK 2 (dạng advantages & disadvantages) Some students work while studying. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend and give your opinion?NGÀY 04/8/2020 IELTS WRITING GENERAL MÁY TÍNH (kèm bài được sửa hs đi thi), IELTS TUTOR cũng cung cấp 🔥Traditional Maori medicines​: Đề thi thật IELTS READING (IELTS Reading Recent Actual Test) - Làm bài online format computer-based, kèm giải thích từ vựng

Traditional Maori Medicines

The Maori are the indigenous people of the islands of New Zealand. Their traditional medicine, which is believed to date back as far as the 13th century, was a system of healing that was passed down through the generations orally. It comprised diverse practices and placed an emphasis on the spiritual dimension of health. Its practice included remedies made from herbs, and physical therapies such as massage to relieve discomfort in the muscles and bones.

Maori systems for treating illness were well developed before Europeans arrived in New Zealand in the late 1700s: they had quite detailed knowledge of anatomy and recognition of the healing properties of various plants. When Europeans first visited New Zealand, the average age of death for Maori adults was around 30. However, apart from this, the people were fit and healthy, and troubled by few diseases.

Illness was often seen as spiritually based. Maori saw themselves as guardians of the earth, and the focus of their existence was to remain at one with the natural and supernatural world. Rather than a medical problem, sickness was often viewed as a symptom of disharmony with nature.

In Maori culture, illnesses were divided into diseases of the gods (mate atua) and physical diseases (mate tangata). Diseases sent by the gods were often attributed to attacks by evil spirits, because the person had broken a religious rule. For instance, for Maori, places where people had died, or places where their ancestors were buried were sacred, so if someone took food from a river where someone had died, or took a stick from a tree that had held their ancestor's bones and placed it on a cooking fire, it was believed that the gods could punish them for their disrespectful acts by making them sick.

More than 200 plants were used medicinally by Maori. The leaves of the flax plant were used to treat skin infections and food poisoning, and the hard part of the leaf was also used as a splint or brace for broken bones and injured backs. Flax fibers were used along with a sharpened stick to sew up bad cuts. The bark and leaves of the pepper tree were used to heal cuts, wounds, and stomach pain. People who had toothache were instructed to chew the leaves of this same tree, and this was found to be of considerable benefit. The pepper tree was also used in vapor baths to treat people with painful joints.

Colonization by Europeans in the 1800s had a significant effect on traditional Maori healing. Europeans brought many new diseases with them which Maori healers had limited ability to combat. Though Western medicine was also relatively ineffectual at the time, this failure still strongly affected Maori confidence in their healers. Some Western missionaries attributed the spread of disease to the fact that the Maori did not believe in Christianity, and as Maori healers appeared powerless, many Maori accepted this explanation and turned to Christianity. Over time the schools of higher learning which had trained healers started to close and the tradition of the Maori healer declined.

From the late 20th century, there was renewed Maori interest in their traditional medicine. This was due to several factors. There was a resurgence of all aspects of Maori culture in New Zealand. Furthermore, people started to be less trusting of Western medicine—statistics from the 1970s came out revealing that Maori health continued to be poorer than that of other New Zealanders. There were also problems with access to health care for Maori. Additionally, there was, and still is today, a perceived lack of a spiritual dimension in Western health services.

Although Maori today largely accept Western concepts of health and illness and use the mainstream health system, there is significant demand for traditional medicine. This is true for unusual illnesses, or those that fail to respond to standard medical treatment, but also for common ailments such as colds and influenza.>> Form đăng kí giải đề thi thật IELTS 4 kĩ năng kèm bài giải bộ đề 100 đề PART 2 IELTS SPEAKING quý đang thi (update hàng tuần) từ IELTS TUTOR

Today's healers differ significantly from those of old times. Training is highly variable, usually informal, and often less tribally bound than the rigorous education of the traditional houses of higher learning. Many modern healers work in urban clinics, some alongside mainstream health professionals. They experiment, incorporating knowledge from Western and other medical systems. As a result, their modern-day work has no standard system of diagnosis or widespread agreement about treatments. Despite this, many healers are recognized as having knowledge and ability that has been passed down from their ancestors. The Maori language is also seen as important by many of those receiving treatment.

Questions 1–6

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage?

Write:

• TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
• FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
• NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. Early Maori healers learned their skills through studying written texts.
2. The first Europeans in New Zealand were surprised by how long the Maori lived.
3. Diseases of the gods were believed to be more serious than physical diseases.
4. The leaves of the pepper tree were used to treat toothache.
5. Western religion was one reason why traditional Maori medicine became less popular.
6. Modern day Maori healers often reach the same conclusion about the type of treatment which is best.

Questions 7–13

Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

A short history of Maori healing

Pre-European arrival

• Maori were using plant-based remedies, as well as treatment including massage
• Diseases sent from the gods were thought to be caused by disobeying a spiritual 7 ______
• Sickness could be attributed to eating food from a sacred 8 ______ or burning sacred wood

After European arrival

1800s

• The inability of Maori healers to cure new diseases meant the Maori people lost 9 ______ in them.
• Eventually the 10 ______ for Maori healing began shutting down

1970s

• Published 11 ______ showed that Maori were not as healthy as Europeans

2000s

• Maori healers can be seen working with Western doctors in 12 ______ in cities
• Many patients appreciate the fact that the Maori 13 ______ is used by healers

1. Indigenous

• Vietnamese: Bản địa, thuộc về người bản xứ.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "The Maori are the indigenous people of the islands of New Zealand."

• Explanation: Người Maori là người bản địa của quần đảo New Zealand.

2. Oral

• Vietnamese: Truyền miệng, bằng lời nói.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Their traditional medicine was passed down through the generations orally."

• Explanation: Y học cổ truyền của họ được truyền lại qua các thế hệ bằng lời nói.

3. Remedies

• Vietnamese: Phương thuốc, cách chữa trị.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Its practice included remedies made from herbs."

• Explanation: Việc thực hành y học bao gồm các phương thuốc làm từ thảo mộc.

4. Anatomy

• Vietnamese: Giải phẫu học.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "They had quite detailed knowledge of anatomy."

• Explanation: Họ có kiến thức khá chi tiết về giải phẫu học.

5. Supernatural

• Vietnamese: Siêu nhiên, thuộc về thế giới tâm linh.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "The focus of their existence was to remain at one with the natural and supernatural world."

• Explanation: Mục tiêu tồn tại của họ là hòa hợp với thế giới tự nhiên và siêu nhiên.

6. Disharmony

• Vietnamese: Sự mất hài hòa, không cân bằng.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Sickness was often viewed as a symptom of disharmony with nature."

• Explanation: Bệnh tật thường được coi là biểu hiện của sự mất hài hòa với tự nhiên.

7. Sacred

• Vietnamese: Thiêng liêng, được tôn kính.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Places where people had died, or places where their ancestors were buried were sacred."

• Explanation: Những nơi có người chết hoặc nơi chôn cất tổ tiên được coi là thiêng liêng.

8. Medicinally

• Vietnamese: Dùng làm thuốc, có tính chữa bệnh.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "More than 200 plants were used medicinally by Maori."

• Explanation: Hơn 200 loại cây được người Maori sử dụng để làm thuốc.

9. Splint

• Vietnamese: Nẹp (dùng để cố định xương gãy).

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "The hard part of the leaf was also used as a splint for broken bones."

• Explanation: Phần cứng của lá cũng được dùng làm nẹp cho xương gãy.

10. Colonization

• Vietnamese: Sự thuộc địa hóa.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Colonization by Europeans in the 1800s had a significant effect on traditional Maori healing."

• Explanation: Sự thuộc địa hóa của người châu Âu vào thế kỷ 19 đã ảnh hưởng lớn đến y học cổ truyền của người Maori.

11. Ineffectual

• Vietnamese: Không hiệu quả.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Though Western medicine was also relatively ineffectual at the time..."

• Explanation: Mặc dù y học phương Tây cũng tương đối không hiệu quả vào thời điểm đó...

12. Resurgence

• Vietnamese: Sự hồi sinh, sự trỗi dậy.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "There was a resurgence of all aspects of Maori culture in New Zealand."

• Explanation: Có sự hồi sinh của mọi khía cạnh văn hóa Maori ở New Zealand.

13. Statistics

• Vietnamese: Thống kê.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Statistics from the 1970s revealed that Maori health continued to be poorer than that of other New Zealanders."

• Explanation: Thống kê từ những năm 1970 cho thấy sức khỏe của người Maori vẫn kém hơn so với người New Zealand khác.

14. Clinics

• Vietnamese: Phòng khám.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Many modern healers work in urban clinics."

• Explanation: Nhiều thầy thuốc hiện đại làm việc tại các phòng khám đô thị.

15. Diagnosis

• Vietnamese: Chẩn đoán.

• IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ từ bài đọc: "Their modern-day work has no standard system of diagnosis."

• Explanation: Công việc của họ ngày nay không có hệ thống chẩn đoán tiêu chuẩn.

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

• NOT GIVEN

• TRUE

• TRUE

• FALSE

• rule

• river

• confidence

• schools

• statistics

• clinics

• language

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